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1)Energy harvesting from pressure by Piezo electric crystals.
Energy harvesting from pressure by Piezo electric crystals
ENERGY HARVESTING
Nowadays, most of the research in the energy field is to develop sources of energy for future. With the ever increasing and demanding energy needs, unearthing and exploiting more and more energy sources has become a need of the day.
With oil resources being over tapped and eventually bound to end, it is time to find renewable sources of energy for the future. Energy harvesting has been a topic of discussion and research since three decades. Energy harvesting is the process by which energy is derived from external sources and utilized to drive the machines directly, or the energy is captured and stored for future use.Some traditional energy harvesting schemes are solar farms, wind farms, tidal energy utilizing farms, geothermal energy farms and many more. With the advancement of technology, utilization of these sources has increased by leaps and bounds.
Types of Energy Harvesting Schemes Type of Energy Harvesting Energy Source Solution Ultimate Goal Macro Renewable sources like solar, wind, tidal etc. Energy Management solutions Reduce oil dependency Micro Small scale sources like vibration, motion, heat etc.
Ultra-low power solutions Driving low energy consuming devices
1 Objective The main feature in this project is to examine the use of alternative source for power generation. The concept of energy scavenging is the point that will affect the ability of the generator developed. For the project accomplishment, there are two main objectives that will cover the entire project tasks: · To start a new design of a piezoelectric based power generation mechanism for power generation. · To evaluate the performance of the new piezoelectric based power generation tool developed.
1 FUNDAMENTAL OF PIEZOELECTRICITY
Piezoelectricity concept could be advantageous in energy harvesting. This technique is quite useful because it uses ambient energy for power generation. It is an alternative method to generate power that contributes to the implementation of minimizing the using of natural resources.
Conclusion ·
When the pressure is applied on the face of the device, there is a deformation of charge carriers inside the crystals which will result in Electric field, and therefore an Electric potential is developed across the face, and this electric potential is used to produce electric current which is used to glow the lights, LEDs, and further this we can charge the battery of our mobile or cell phones by connecting the device to the cell phone via some USB device. · This can be used for many applications in rural areas where power availability is less or totally absence. As India is a developing country where energy management is a big challenge for huge population. By using this project we can drive both AC as well as DC loads according to the force we applied on the piezoelectric material. Future Scope The proposed work portrays the concept of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and the results obtained after the implementation are very encouraging. Future work of the proposed idea encompasses further amplification of the crystal output to a greater extent. Future lies in the inclusion of advanced material used to design the piezoelectric crystal which further amplifies the crystal output in terms of voltage
With oil resources being over tapped and eventually bound to end, it is time to find renewable sources of energy for the future. Energy harvesting has been a topic of discussion and research since three decades. Energy harvesting is the process by which energy is derived from external sources and utilized to drive the machines directly, or the energy is captured and stored for future use.Some traditional energy harvesting schemes are solar farms, wind farms, tidal energy utilizing farms, geothermal energy farms and many more. With the advancement of technology, utilization of these sources has increased by leaps and bounds.
Types of Energy Harvesting Schemes Type of Energy Harvesting Energy Source Solution Ultimate Goal Macro Renewable sources like solar, wind, tidal etc. Energy Management solutions Reduce oil dependency Micro Small scale sources like vibration, motion, heat etc.
Ultra-low power solutions Driving low energy consuming devices
1 Objective The main feature in this project is to examine the use of alternative source for power generation. The concept of energy scavenging is the point that will affect the ability of the generator developed. For the project accomplishment, there are two main objectives that will cover the entire project tasks: · To start a new design of a piezoelectric based power generation mechanism for power generation. · To evaluate the performance of the new piezoelectric based power generation tool developed.
1 FUNDAMENTAL OF PIEZOELECTRICITY
Piezoelectricity concept could be advantageous in energy harvesting. This technique is quite useful because it uses ambient energy for power generation. It is an alternative method to generate power that contributes to the implementation of minimizing the using of natural resources.
Conclusion ·
When the pressure is applied on the face of the device, there is a deformation of charge carriers inside the crystals which will result in Electric field, and therefore an Electric potential is developed across the face, and this electric potential is used to produce electric current which is used to glow the lights, LEDs, and further this we can charge the battery of our mobile or cell phones by connecting the device to the cell phone via some USB device. · This can be used for many applications in rural areas where power availability is less or totally absence. As India is a developing country where energy management is a big challenge for huge population. By using this project we can drive both AC as well as DC loads according to the force we applied on the piezoelectric material. Future Scope The proposed work portrays the concept of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting and the results obtained after the implementation are very encouraging. Future work of the proposed idea encompasses further amplification of the crystal output to a greater extent. Future lies in the inclusion of advanced material used to design the piezoelectric crystal which further amplifies the crystal output in terms of voltage
2)INDUSTRIAL ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR/Smoke Precipitator
3)THERMO-ELECTRIC COOLING HELMET ABSTRACT
Human life is so precious and valuable, that it should not be compromised under any cost. The concern over the safety of vehicle drivers has pushed for invention of new equipment that can save lives. According to Statistics from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (2010), it is mentioned that nearly 70% of mortality in road accidents occur due to head injury, where the rider has not worn a helmet. It is not that people are very negligent about their lives on road, but that they experience dozens of discomforts by wearing helmets. The most common discomfort is that, heavy sweat occurs due to excessive heat formation. This paper deals with the development of cooling system for biker’s helmet using thermoelectric technology. The system consists mainly of a heat sink, aluminum passageway and Peltier module. The prototype is fabricated and mounted onto biker’s
4)VARIABLE FREQUENCY INVERT ER(100 WATT SQUARE WAVE)
this is an variable frequency 100watt square wave inverter you can also called this device as VFD(variable frequency drive ),for VFD this is only an part of VFD not an complete VFD ,this drive actually takes 220v ac from mains supply and rectify it into 12v dc ,then by the help of this inverter we can convert this 12v ac into 10,000v square wave ac(if want sine wave then an sine wave generating circuitry should be added) an oscillating or variable frequency genrating unit is added in this system to produce output frequency of 10khz (variable) we can also use this system as "VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE WITHOUT TRANSFORMERS" by an capacitor rapidly charging and discharging method(this experiment of replacing transformer was an NASA experiment result) but by using this system we can only increase the output voltage as double of an input voltage..
PARTS REQUIREMENT:
P1 = 250 k ohms
R1 & R2 = 4.7 k ohms
R3 to R6 = 0.1R - 5 Watt
C1 = 0.022uF
C2 = 220uF-25V
D1 = BY 127
D2 = 9.1v Zener Diode
Q1 & Q2 = TIP122 Q3 to
Q6 = 2N3055 F1 = 10amp
Fuse
IC1 = CD4047
Transformer = 12-0-12v (10 Ampere)
Step Down 220 to 12v
WORKING OR DISCRIPTION :-
This is a 100 watt Inverter Circuit use Minimum number of Components.Here we use {CD 4047 IC} for generating the 100 Hz pulses and four {2N3055} Transistor for driving the load.The IC1 {CD 4047} wired as an Astable multi vibrator produces two 180 degree out of phase 100 Hz pulse train.These pulse train are preamplifier by the two TIP122 Transistor.The output of the TIP122 Transistor are amplified by fout 2N3055 Transistor {Two transistor for each of half cycle} to drive the inverter transformer.The 220 AC be available at a secondary of the transformer.Nothing complex just the elementary inverter principle and the circuit great for small load like a few savers or fans.
5)CONTROLLING OF RELAYS BY COMPUTER HYPER TERMINAL PROGRAM (c program or visual basic program)
Abstract
The main aim of the project is to control the appliances using Internet from remote places. So that
user can control all appliances through Internet in real-time.
Now a days we have seen a home automation control using a different methods, like Home
automation control using mobile, telephone, RF devices.
These automations were used only for controlling. Monitoring of devices could not be done using
these methods and had only limited distance for controlling of devices. These were less reliable.
Latest technology of controlling devices can be done using World Wide Web i.e. controlling from any
part of the world using internet. This method requires one PC to browse internet at the source, and it
does not require another PC at the destination to control the device.
For connecting modified telephone we should use modem. So we can easily control the appliances
through internet, advantage of this is to control and monitor the appliances from work place or
somewhere else. Using this technique we can control and monitor devices like telephone recording
control, door sensor, window sensor, panic button, lighting control, CD player, VCR/Television, and
other infrared devices.
6)STEPPER MOTOR CONTROLLING USING SERIAL ARDUINO COMMAND
The following project uses the Serial Monitor, so once the programming is installed and running, open the Serial Monitor and enter a number of 'steps'. Try a value of about 500, this should cause the motor to turn through about 360 degrees. Enter -500 and it will turn back in the reverse direction.so like that enter number of steps and it will start and stops at given number of steps,you can also enter degree of rotation so that it will stop at particular degree.
SUB CATEGORIES:-
1.WIRELESS ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE CONTROL USING PC(WITH C OR VISUAL BASIC )
2.INDUCTION HEATER CONTROLLED BY PC:-
(a) used for welding
(b)melting of metals
(c)cooking
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